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United States Supreme Court Case Studies Newsletter

2016

Breaking News!

1985

 

      Fourteen-year-old freshman, Tracy Lois Odem, was caught at her school’s lavatory, smoking cigarettes and was taken to the assistant vice-principal. When asked if she was really smoking, she denied everything, so the assistant vice principal searched her purse. He found a cigarette pack, rolling papers for smoking marijuana, marijuana, a pipe, plastic bags, a lot of money, a list of people who owed T.L.O money, and “two letters that implicated T.L.O. in marijuana dealing.” After finding these items, they were immediately turned into the evidence of drug dealing and she was charged with criminal activity. T.L.O’s attorney told them about the Fourth Amendment and how it protects against unreasonable search and seizure. The case soon was sent to the United States Supreme Court. The court explained that the school is allowed to search student, only if there are reasonable grounds and evidence will turn up after the search. In conclusion, New Jersey and the school won the case against T.L.O.

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Illinois vs Wardlow

          William “Sam” Wardlow was stopped and frisked after looking towards police officers and then running in an area known for heavy narcotics trafficking. The two officers catch up to him and conduct a pat-down weapons search finding a .38 caliber handgun on his person. Trial court denied the defendant’s motion to suppress, but the appellate court reversed. The Illinois Supreme Court upheld the lower appellate court’s result stating that the combination of sudden flight and presence in a high crime area did not reach the status of reasonable suspicion necessary to justify a Terry stop. The Supreme Court granted certiorari to the State of Illinois.​

 

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